How Did The Andes Mountains Affect Settlement Of South America?

Terms in this set (15) How did the Andres Mountains affect settlement along the western coast of South America? All along the the west and south coasts of South America, the Andes are a barrier to movement in interior. As a result, more settlement in South America has occurred along the eastern and northern coasts.

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How does the Andes mountains affect the climate of South America?

The Andes have a direct mechanical influence on the climatology of South America by forcing orographic precipitation along the eastern flanks of the Andes, and blocking westerly flow from the Pacific.

How did the geography of the Andes mountains affect the growth of agriculture in South America?

The steep slopes of the mountains limited the amount of fertile land that could be used for farming. It was also difficult to find water for the crops. To solve this problem, the Inca used a system known as terrace farming. They built walls on hillsides and filled them with soil to make terraces.

How did the Andes mountain range in South America form?

The Andes were formed by tectonic activity whereby earth is uplifted as one plate (oceanic crust) subducts under another plate (continental crust). To get such a high mountain chain in a subduction zone setting is unusual which adds to the importance of trying to figure out when and how it happened.

How is global warming affecting the Andes?

Global warming found to be culprit for flood risk in Peruvian Andes, other glacial lakes. As the planet warms, glaciers are retreating and causing changes in the world’s mountain water systems.

What are the effects of the Andes mountains?

Climate of the Andes

Because the Andes act as a large wall between the Pacific Ocean and the continent, they have a tremendous impact on climate in the region. The northern part of the Andes is typically rainy and warm, and the weather is also wet in the eastern part of central Andes, and the area to the southwest.

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Why is Andes mountains important for South America?

The Andes is the source of the astounding Amazon River

The mountains act as a wall which blocks frigid Pacific winds, and this has created the arid landscapes of the western side of the Andes (like the Atacama Desert) and the tropical lusciousness of the eastern slopes, like in the Amazon rainforest.

What negative effects do the Andes mountains cause?

Population pressure and migration are deforestation drivers caused by the increasing need for new and greater areas for agricultural production and an increasing demand for food, water and energy by large populations in distant urban centers as well as in Amazonian communities.

How did the Andes mountains affect the Incas?

Andes Mountains: The Andes Mountains, home of the Inca civilization, ran north to south. The mountains dominated Inca society. The mountain peaks were worshiped as gods. The Andes created a natural barrier between the coastal desert on one side and the jungle on the other.

Which of the following has had the greatest impact on South America’s physical geography?

Which of the following has had the greatest impact on South America’s physical geography? cordilleras. You just studied 10 terms!

How do the Andes differ from north to south?

The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 °C (64 °F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances.

How has the Andes mountains changed over time?

It’s been understood that the Andes mountain range has been growing as the Nazca oceanic plate slips underneath the South American continental plate, causing the Earth’s crust to shorten (by folding and faulting) and thicken.

Which is true about the Andes mountain of South America?

The Andes consist of a vast series of extremely high plateaus surmounted by even higher peaks that form an unbroken rampart over a distance of some 5,500 miles (8,900 kilometres)from the southern tip of South America to the continent’s northernmost coast on the Caribbean.

How do mountains affect climate?

How do mountains affect temperature? The temperature gets colder the higher up the mountain you go. This is because as the altitude increases, the air becomes thinner and is less able to absorb and retain heat. The cooler the temperature the less evaporation there is, so there is more moisture in the air too.

What tectonic plates formed the Andes mountains?

The mountains have been formed as a result of the convergence of the Nazca plate and the South American plate.

What type of fault is the Andes mountains?

The El Tigre Fault is a 120 km long, roughly north-south trending, major strike-slip fault located in the Western Precordillera in Argentina. The Precordillera lies just to the east of the Andes mountain range in South America.

Why is biodiversity decreasing in the Tropical Andes?

Although there are several other factors that threaten life and biodiversity in the Tropical Andesincluding the introduction of invasive species, unsustainable agricultural practices, and illegal drug productionpopulation growth, urbanization, and resource extraction are the three most critical threats to life in the …

Why are the Andes mountains important to the Amazon rainforest?

The zone where the Amazon rainforest meets the Andes mountains is the most biodiverse place on Earth. Large amounts of rainfall and altitudinal gradients create a variety of microclimates and niches that are exploited by a wide range of species.

What is the weather in the Andes mountains?

The temperatures of the biomes around the Andes Mountains vary from place to place. In Colombia it is wet and warm, with an average temperature of 64°F. In Ecuador it is very warm in the deserts and the average is 68°F and stays that temperature through out Peru, until you get to Bolivia.

How does deforestation affect the Andes mountains?

In the Andes the projected life-span and capacity of Ecuador’s largest dam and hydroelectric generator (Paute) has been reduced by half due to sedimentation caused by deforestation in its watershed. During dry years electricity shortages in Ecuador’s major cities are a result.

How does climate affect human activities in South America?

The more direct impacts include illness and death from heat stress, breathing problems due to worsening pollution, increased incidence of infectious diseases (for example, increased flooding will affect the drinking water supply, increased transport of pathogens (rising temperatures may also promote their survival and …

What are 3 interesting facts about the Andes mountains?

The Andes are the world’s highest mountain range outside of Asia. The average height of Andes Mountains is approximately 4,000 meters (13,000 feet). The highest elevation in the Andes is Mount Aconcagua in Argentina, which is 6,961 meters (22,838 feet) above sea level. It is the highest mountain outside Asia.

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What is the best description of the location of the Andes mountains?

Where are the Andes Mountains? The Andes Mountains line the western edge of South America, from Venezuela all the way along Chile to South America’s southern tip, crossing through Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.

Which statement best explains why the river systems of South America are more important than those of Central America?

Which statement best explains why the river systems of South America are more important than those of Central America? Central American countries don’t have to depend on rivers because of their closeness to the oceans. What techniques cause the shrinking of the rain forest?

How did the Incas survive in the mountains?

They developed resilient breeds of crops such as potatoes, quinoa and corn. They built cisterns and irrigation canals that snaked and angled down and around the mountains. And they cut terraces into the hillsides, progressively steeper, from the valleys up the slopes.

Why did the Inca settle in the Cuzco Valley?

Inca origins and expansion

In some mythical tales, the Inca was created by the sun god, Inti who sent his son, Manco Capac to Earth. Legend has it that he first killed his brothers and then led his sisters into a valley near Cuzco, where they settled down around 1200 A.D., according to History.com.

How did the Inca government united empire in the Andes mountains?

By 1400, the Inca began extending their rule across the Andes. Eventually, the Incas ruled an empire covering much of present-day Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile. The Incas built roads stretching over ten thousand miles to unite their vast empire.

Which country has the southernmost capital in South America?

Montevideo, Uruguay Puentes. As the southernmost capital city in the Americas, Montevideo has pleasant weather year-round, and it is ranked first for quality of life in Latin America, according to Mercer’s report.

How many mountains make up the Andes?

It consists of three mountain ranges that lie parallel to one another: the Cordillera Occidental, Cordillera Central and the Cordillera Oriental.

How do mountains affect rainfall distribution?

Mountains can have a significant effect on rainfall. When air reaches the mountains, it is forced to rise over this barrier. As the air moves up the windward side of a mountain, it cools, and the volume decreases. As a result, humidity increases and orographic clouds and precipitation can develop.

What type of climate can be found in the mountains of South America?

Highland climate zones vary from moderate to cold, depending on elevation. Other factors influence highland climates, such as wind, sunlight, and landscape. Highland climates are found in the mountains of Mexico and South America.

Are parallel sets of mountain ranges within the Andes mountains?

South America: Andes

In Peru and Bolivia, the mountains form two parallel ranges that create a wide plateau known as the altiplano. The Andes then form a single range that separates Chile from Argentina.

How do the mountain ranges affect the climate of North America?

Answer. Mountains can affect the climate of nearby lands. In some areas, mountains block rain, so that one side of amountain range may be rainy and the other side may be a dry and arid. … Mountains affect climate by blocking wind and receiving more rainfall than low-lying areas.

How do mountains affect climate quizlet?

How do mountains affect climate? The higher you are on mountains the more altitude there is and more altitude means that it will be colder. Mountains also receive more rainfall.

How do the Andes mountains affect humans?

The Andes always have been a formidable barrier for communication, with great effect on the economic and cultural development of the region. Production centres generally are far from seaports, and the mountainous character of the land makes the construction and maintenance of railways and roads difficult and expensive.

Are Andes still rising?

Recent studies of the Andes indicate that their elevation remained relatively stable for long periods (tens of millions of years), separated by rapid (1 to 4 million years) changes of 1.5 kilometers or more.

Is Andes Mountains convergent or divergent?

The Andes is a mountain range found in South America. The Andes Mountains were formed at a convergent boundary between an oceanic plate and a…

How was the Andes mountain range formed?

The Andes were formed by tectonic activity whereby earth is uplifted as one plate (oceanic crust) subducts under another plate (continental crust). To get such a high mountain chain in a subduction zone setting is unusual which adds to the importance of trying to figure out when and how it happened.

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What is South America’s highest point?

Cerro Aconcagua, often referred to as simply Aconcagua, is a mountain in Argentina near its border with Chile. Aconcagua is the highest peak in the Western Hemisphere. It is more than 6,706 meters (22,000 feet) high, though the exact height of its highest peak has been the subject of some debate.

What originated in the Andes of South America?

Tomatoes and potatoes, two of the most prevalent food crops in the world, originated from the Andes. Peru, one of Andes host countries, is home to at least 3,800 different varieties of potatoes. It’s also worth noting that Coca leaves originated from the western slopes of the Andean mountains.

What river runs through the Andes mountains?

The major basins lie east of the Andes, and the main rivers flow to the Atlantic Ocean. The four largest drainage systemsthe Amazon, Río de la Plata (Paraguay, Paraná, and Uruguay rivers), Orinoco, and São Franciscocover about two-thirds of the continent.

When were Andes Mountains formed?

The prevailing view is that the Andes became a mountain range between ten to six million years ago when a huge volume of rock dropped off the base of the Earth’s crust in response to over-thickening of the crust in this region.

How was the Andes formed ks2?

The Andes are a result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American continental plate. This means that two tectonic plates pushed together and one had to lie above the other, disrupting the Earth’s surface. the Andes began to take their present form.

Which tectonic plate is colliding with the South American Plate?

Nazca Plate
Type Minor
Approximate area 15,600,000 km2
Movement1 north-east
Speed1 40-53 mm/year

How did the South American Plate move?

Chapter 2: How did the South American Plate and African Plate move? Students figure out: The South American and African plates moved apart as a divergent boundary formed between them and an ocean basin formed and spread. Earth’s plates move on top of a soft, solid layer of rock called the mantle.

What type of landforms does subduction cause?

Various formations such as mountain ranges, islands, and trenches are caused by subduction and the volcanoes and earthquakes it triggers. In addition to causing earthquakes, subduction can also trigger tsunamis.

What negative effects do the Andes mountains cause?

Population pressure and migration are deforestation drivers caused by the increasing need for new and greater areas for agricultural production and an increasing demand for food, water and energy by large populations in distant urban centers as well as in Amazonian communities.

Why is the Tropical Andes threatened?

The main threats are agricultural activities, pollution, dams and water management, mining, and unsustainable use of biological resources, such as fisheries and logging.

How is climate change affecting the Tropical Andes?

Climate change has differentiated impacts on tropical Andean species, causing many of them to move uphill, increasing the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases and accelerating local extinction risk.

Which is true about the Andes mountain of South America?

The Andes consist of a vast series of extremely high plateaus surmounted by even higher peaks that form an unbroken rampart over a distance of some 5,500 miles (8,900 kilometres)from the southern tip of South America to the continent’s northernmost coast on the Caribbean.

What tectonic plates formed the Andes Mountains?

The mountains have been formed as a result of the convergence of the Nazca plate and the South American plate.

What is the mountain system of western South America along the Pacific coast?

The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (Spanish: Cordillera de los Andes) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America.

How has the Andes Mountains changed over time?

It’s been understood that the Andes mountain range has been growing as the Nazca oceanic plate slips underneath the South American continental plate, causing the Earth’s crust to shorten (by folding and faulting) and thicken.

How does hunting affect the Andes Mountains?

Hunting as a subsistence strategy, particularly the hunting of deer and camelids, was of prime importance in the development of early Andean culture ; first because hunting formed one of the principal means by which man took possession of and adapted to the ecologically vertical environment of the Andes, and secondly …

How will climate change affect the South?

Incidences of extreme weather, increased temperatures, and flooding will likely impact human health, infrastructure, and agriculture. Sea level rise is expected to contribute to increased hurricane activity and storm surge, and will increase the salinity of estuaries, coastal wetlands, tidal rivers, and swamps.